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1 | %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% | 1 | %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
2 | % Lachaise Assignment | 2 | % Lachaise Assignment |
3 | % LaTeX Template | 3 | % LaTeX Template |
4 | % Version 1.0 (26/6/2018) | 4 | % Version 1.0 (26/6/2018) |
@@ -158,26 +158,147 @@ The algorithm in this instance runs in $\mathcal{O}(n)$ iterations, every propos | |||
158 | 158 | ||
159 | % 1}}} % | 159 | % 1}}} % |
160 | 160 | ||
161 | % question e TODO {{{1 % | 161 | % question e ✅ {{{1 % |
162 | 162 | ||
163 | \begin{question} | 163 | \begin{question} |
164 | Give another instance for which the algorithm requires $\Omega(n^{2})$ iterations (that is, it requires at least $cn^{2}$ iterations for some constant $0 < c \le 1)$, and prove this fact. | 164 | Give another instance for which the algorithm requires $\Omega(n^{2})$ iterations (that is, it requires at least $cn^{2}$ iterations for some constant $0 < c \le 1)$, and prove this fact. |
165 | \end{question} | 165 | \end{question} |
166 | 166 | ||
167 | Arrange the preference lists such as every student arranges their preference \emph{exactly the same}; | 167 | \begin{infor} |
168 | We have collaborated with CENG567 student Manolya Atalay for this question and used the answers and explanations given in the linked Mathematics Stack Exchange question\footnote{\url{https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/1410898/worst-case-for-the-stable-marriage-problem}}. | ||
169 | \end{infor} | ||
170 | |||
171 | The worst problem instance for the algorithm (the instance that requires the largest number of steps) can be inferred as follows; | ||
172 | |||
173 | The highest number of times a man $m$ can \emph{propose} (every iteration has one proposal in it) to $n$ many women is $n-1$. It cannot be $n$ because it would mean that $m$ did not find a suitable partner (rejected by everyone), which is contradictory with the algorithm's perfect matching guarantee. | ||
174 | |||
175 | For $n$ men, in the worst case, each one can propose $n-1$ times; $n(n-1)$. One man has to propose one last time after getting rejected by $n-1$ women, giving the total number of proposals; | ||
176 | |||
177 | \begin{equation} | ||
178 | n (n-1) + 1 | ||
179 | \end{equation} | ||
180 | |||
181 | As the theoretical highest number of iterations \emph{Gale-Shapley} can have. | ||
182 | |||
183 | As for the instance that produces this run time; | ||
184 | |||
185 | Men have to arrange their preference list as follows for $n>2$. | ||
168 | 186 | ||
169 | \begin{equation} | 187 | \begin{equation} |
170 | \label{eq:student_prefs_2} | 188 | M_{k} \rightarrow |
171 | C_1, C_2, \dots, C_{n} | 189 | \begin{cases} |
190 | W_{k}, W_{k+1}, \dots, W_{n-1}, W_{1}, W_{2}, \dots, W_{n} &\mbox{if } k \ne n \\ | ||
191 | W_{k-1}, W_{k}, \dots, W_{n-1}, W_{1}, W_{2}, \dots, W_{n} &\mbox{if } k = n \\ | ||
192 | \end{cases} | ||
172 | \end{equation} | 193 | \end{equation} |
173 | 194 | ||
174 | Whereas every college should arrange their preference list as; | 195 | In other words, the \emph{last} man's preference list is identical to one above them. |
196 | |||
197 | Women have to arrange their preference list as follows for $n>2$; | ||
175 | 198 | ||
176 | \begin{equation} | 199 | \begin{equation} |
177 | \label{eq:college_prefs_2} | 200 | W_{k} \rightarrow |
178 | S_n, S_{n-1}, S_{n-2}, \dots, S_{1} | 201 | \begin{cases} |
202 | M_{k+1}, M_{k}, \dots &\mbox{if } k \ne n-1 \\ | ||
203 | M_{1}, M_{n}, \dots &\mbox{if } k = n-1 \\ | ||
204 | \end{cases} | ||
179 | \end{equation} | 205 | \end{equation} |
180 | 206 | ||
207 | The preference list of the last women $W_{n}$ does not matter neither does the order of the rest of the men in the preference list of the women given. | ||
208 | |||
209 | We have implemented \emph{Gale-Shapley} and an instance set creation script to test our findings; | ||
210 | |||
211 | \begin{commandline}[n=3] | ||
212 | \begin{verbatim} | ||
213 | n: Men Preference Table | ||
214 | A | 1 2 3 | ||
215 | B | 2 1 3 | ||
216 | C | 2 1 3 | ||
217 | ---- | ||
218 | Women Preference Table | ||
219 | 1| B A C | ||
220 | 2| A C B | ||
221 | 3| A B C | ||
222 | ---- | ||
223 | Matching B with 2 (a) | ||
224 | Matching C with 2, B is now free (b) | ||
225 | Matching A with 1 (a) | ||
226 | Matching B with 1, A is now free (b) | ||
227 | Matching A with 2, C is now free (b) | ||
228 | C is rejected by 1 because B is more preffered (c) | ||
229 | Matching C with 3 (a) | ||
230 | Final pairings: | ||
231 | A - 2 | ||
232 | B - 1 | ||
233 | C - 3 | ||
234 | |||
235 | A proposed 2 times | ||
236 | B proposed 2 times | ||
237 | C proposed 3 times | ||
238 | total of 7 times with n(n-1) + 1 = 7 | ||
239 | \end{verbatim} | ||
240 | \end{commandline} | ||
241 | |||
242 | \begin{commandline}[n=6] | ||
243 | \begin{verbatim} | ||
244 | n: Men Preference Table | ||
245 | A | 1 2 3 4 5 6 | ||
246 | B | 2 3 4 5 1 6 | ||
247 | C | 3 4 5 1 2 6 | ||
248 | D | 4 5 1 2 3 6 | ||
249 | E | 5 1 2 3 4 6 | ||
250 | F | 5 1 2 3 4 6 | ||
251 | ---- | ||
252 | Women Preference Table | ||
253 | 1| B A C D E F | ||
254 | 2| C B A D E F | ||
255 | 3| D C A B E F | ||
256 | 4| E D A B C F | ||
257 | 5| A F B C D E | ||
258 | 6| A B C D E F | ||
259 | ---- | ||
260 | Matching D with 4 (a) | ||
261 | Matching A with 1 (a) | ||
262 | Matching F with 5 (a) | ||
263 | E is rejected by 5 because F is more preffered (c) | ||
264 | Matching C with 3 (a) | ||
265 | Matching B with 2 (a) | ||
266 | // --- edited out for space --- | ||
267 | C is rejected by 1 because A is more preffered (c) | ||
268 | Matching C with 2, B is now free (b) | ||
269 | B is rejected by 3 because D is more preffered (c) | ||
270 | B is rejected by 4 because E is more preffered (c) | ||
271 | B is rejected by 5 because F is more preffered (c) | ||
272 | Matching B with 1, A is now free (b) | ||
273 | A is rejected by 2 because C is more preffered (c) | ||
274 | A is rejected by 3 because D is more preffered (c) | ||
275 | A is rejected by 4 because E is more preffered (c) | ||
276 | Matching A with 5, F is now free (b) | ||
277 | F is rejected by 1 because B is more preffered (c) | ||
278 | F is rejected by 2 because C is more preffered (c) | ||
279 | F is rejected by 3 because D is more preffered (c) | ||
280 | F is rejected by 4 because E is more preffered (c) | ||
281 | Matching F with 6 (a) | ||
282 | Final pairings: | ||
283 | E - 4 | ||
284 | B - 1 | ||
285 | A - 5 | ||
286 | D - 3 | ||
287 | C - 2 | ||
288 | F - 6 | ||
289 | |||
290 | A proposed 5 times | ||
291 | B proposed 5 times | ||
292 | C proposed 5 times | ||
293 | D proposed 5 times | ||
294 | E proposed 5 times | ||
295 | F proposed 6 times | ||
296 | total of 31 times with n(n-1) + 1 = 31 | ||
297 | \end{verbatim} | ||
298 | \end{commandline} | ||
299 | |||
300 | |||
301 | |||
181 | % 1}}} % | 302 | % 1}}} % |
182 | 303 | ||
183 | \section{Stable Matching Variation}% | 304 | \section{Stable Matching Variation}% |